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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">churchhistory</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал истории Церкви</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Church History</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-973X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-069X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Silicea-Poligraf LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/2686-973X-2023-141</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">churchhistory-141</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>История Церкви</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Church history</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Содержательный анализ критики Католической церковью итальянского фашизма и германского национал-социализма: по материалам энциклик Пия XI</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Content analysis of official Roman catholic church criticism towards Italian Fascism and German National Socialism in Pius XI’s encyclics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6271-3987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симонов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Архимандрит Филипп (Симонов Вениамин Владимирович) — доктор экономических наук, профессор, заслуженный экономист Российской Федерации, заведующий кафедрой истории Церкви исторического факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Archimandrite Philip (Veniamin V. Simonov) — doctor of Economics, Professor, honored economist of the Russian Federation, head of the Department of Church history, faculty of history</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">simonov_vv@gov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2550-6510</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розенблюм</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rosenblum</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Розенблюм Евгений Михайлович — соискатель, кафедра истории Церкви исторического факультета</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rosenblum Evgeny Mikhailovich — Candidate, Department of Church history</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cardio.nauka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М. В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Симонов В.В., Розенблюм Е.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Симонов В.В., Розенблюм Е.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Simonov V.V., Rosenblum E.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://churchhistory.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/141">https://churchhistory.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/141</self-uri><abstract><p>В  статье  анализируются  энциклики  Папы  римского  Пия  XI,  посвящённые  критике  итальянского  фашизма и  германского  национал-социализма,  а  также  энциклики  на  общесоциальные  темы  в  той  мере,  в  какой они содержат критику названных идеологий. Это, прежде всего, "Non abbiamo bisogno" и "Mit brennender Sorge", а также "Quadragesimo anno" и "Divini illius Magistri". Анализ содержания этой критики указывает, что в отношении итальянского фашизма она состояла из двух основных блоков. Первым было указание на то, что государство не должно ставить себя выше семьи в том, что касается воспитания детей, объявлять себя источником морали и объектом абсолютного послушания. Второй блок критики затрагивал свободу частных ассоциаций и договоров как альтернативу всепроникающему присутствию государственной власти в жизни отдельного человека. Критика германского национал-социализма состояла из тех же двух блоков, но к ним добавлялся третий, связанный с неприемлемостью расизма.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The present article analyses Pope Pius XI’s encyclics against Italian Fascism and German National Socialism, as well as encyclics on social issues in general that touch upon the said ideologies. Among them are, respectively, Non  abbiamo  bisogno  and  Mit  brennender  Sorge,  and  Quadragesimo  anno  and  Divini  illius  Magistri.  Analysing their  contents  reveals  two  major  avenues  of  criticism  levelled  against  Italian  Fascism:  one,  that  a state  cannot supersede the family in matters of the raising of children and position itself as the source of morals and an object of unconditional obedience; and two, that a state constantly projecting its authority into the private life of an individual runs contrary to freedom of association and freedom of contract inherent to it. With regards to German National Socialism, this is complemented by a third avenue expounding on the unacceptability of racism.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>папа Пий XI</kwd><kwd>социальное учение Католической церкви</kwd><kwd>фашизм</kwd><kwd>национал-социализм</kwd><kwd>тоталитаризм</kwd><kwd>семья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pope Pius XI</kwd><kwd>social teaching of the Catholic church</kwd><kwd>fascism</kwd><kwd>national socialism</kwd><kwd>totalitarianism</kwd><kwd>family</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Беглов, А. Л. (2018). "Крестовый поход молитв" 1930 г. и реакция на него в СССР. Электронный научно-образовательный журнал"История", 9(4). [Электронный ресурс]. Доступ для зарегистрированных пользователей. 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