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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">churchhistory</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал истории Церкви</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Church History</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-973X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-069X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Silicea-Poligraf LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/10.15829/2686-973X-2024-160</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">ELNCFY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">churchhistory-160</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>История Церкви</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Church history</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Церковное убежище в средневековом Уэльсе: формирование и роль в политических процессах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ecclesiastical refuge in medieval Wales: formation and role in political processes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4575-9718</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусакова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusakova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусакова Анна Викторовна — научный сотрудник, отдел "Музей археологии Москвы"</p><p>Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Gusakova — research associate, department "Museum of Archeology of Moscow"</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cardio.nauka@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУК г. Москвы "Музейное объединение "Музей Москвы"</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Museum Association "Museum of Moscow"</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>51</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусакова А.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусакова А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gusakova A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://churchhistory.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/160">https://churchhistory.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/160</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена проникновению на Британские острова концепции церковного убежища, ее распространению и региональным особенностям. В центре внимания – зарождение и реализация права убежища на территории валлийских королевств от раннего Средневековья, когда источниками фиксируются первые признаки выделения территории храма как места с особым правовым статусом, до XV в., когда уже хартии английских королей утверждали ставшую к тому времени традиционной привилегию валлийских религиозных центров обеспечивать безопасность нуждающимся. Будучи одним из наиболее важных достижений церковной дипломатии, право убежища было напрямую связано со статусом религиозного центра: подтверждающие его документы сохраняли и переписывали, если же документов не было – их подделывали или же включали в жития святых покровителей эпизоды, в которых те скрывали кого-либо от преследования в стенах своей кельи или монастыря. Почти единовременное появление подобных сюжетов в житиях конца XI–XII вв. наводит на мысль, что это был один из основных аргументов валлийских религиозных общин в борьбе за сохранение своего положения перед лицом изменений, начавшихся с появлением на острове нормандцев. Для представителей же светской власти право убежища представляло собой малозаметный, но очень эффективный политический инструмент, позволявший, с одной стороны, контролировать местные религиозные общины, позволяя реализовывать необходимую им привилегию или же нарушая ее, с другой – создававший возможность в нужный момент обеспечить безопасность как самому себе, так и другим участникам политических процессов. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the penetration of the concept of ecclesiastical refuge into the British Isles, its spread and regional peculiarities. The focus is on the origin and realization of the right of ecclesiastical refuge in the territory of the Welsh kingdoms from the early Middle Ages, when sources record the first signs of the allocation of the temple territory as a place with a special legal status, until the XV century, when the charters of the English kings approved the traditional privilege of Welsh religious centers to provide security to those in need. Being one of the most important achievements of church diplomacy, the right of ecclesiastical refuge was directly related to the status of a religious center: documents confirming it were preserved and copied, if there were no documents, they were forged or episodes in which they hid someone from persecution within the walls of their cell or monastery were included in the lives of the patron saints. The almost simultaneous appearance of such plots in the Lives of the late XI–XII centuries. It suggests that this was one of the main arguments of the Welsh religious communities in the struggle to maintain their position in the face of the changes that began with the arrival of the Normans on the island. For representatives of the secular authorities, the right of ecclesiastical refuge was an inconspicuous but very effective political tool that allowed, on the one hand, to control local religious communities, allowing them to exercise the privilege they needed or violating it, on the other hand, creating an opportunity at the right moment to ensure the safety of both themselves and other participants in political processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>история Уэльса</kwd><kwd>Гвинедд</kwd><kwd>валлийские святые</kwd><kwd>св. Давид</kwd><kwd>св. Кадок</kwd><kwd>св. Дубрикий</kwd><kwd>св. Тейло</kwd><kwd>св. Эуддогви</kwd><kwd>Книга Лландаффа</kwd><kwd>Хроника принцев</kwd><kwd>право убежища</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>history of Wales</kwd><kwd>Gwynedd</kwd><kwd>Welsh saints</kwd><kwd>St. David</kwd><kwd>St. Cadoc</kwd><kwd>St. Dubricius</kwd><kwd>St. Body</kwd><kwd>St. Euddogwy</kwd><kwd>Book of Llandaff</kwd><kwd>Chronicle of Princes</kwd><kwd>right of ecclesiastical refuge</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brut y Tywysogion 1860 — Brut y Tywysogion or The Chronicle of the Princes (1860). Trans. and ed. by J. Williams. London.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brut y Tywysogion 1860 — Brut y Tywysogion or The Chronicle of the Princes (1860). Trans. and ed. by J. Williams. London.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cox 1911 — Cox, J. 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