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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">churchhistory</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский журнал истории Церкви</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian Journal of Church History</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2686-973X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2687-069X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Silicea-Poligraf LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15829/2686-973X-2025-189</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">EVTBOG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">churchhistory-189</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Богословие и история Церкви</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Theology and Church History</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Учение о первородном грехе в Эфиопской православной церкви Тевахедо: исследование, основанное на Хайманот Абев 52:16-18</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Doctrine of Original Sin in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church: A Study Based on Haimanot Abew 52:16-18</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8360-1445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Bazezew</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazezew</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Fikremariam Bazezew — Ассистент- профессор</p><p>Аддис- Абеба</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Fikremariam Bazezew — Assistance professor</p><p>Addis Ababa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kebede.ethiopia@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет Святой Троицы</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Holy Trinity University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Bazezew F., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Bazezew F.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bazezew F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://churchhistory.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/189">https://churchhistory.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/189</self-uri><abstract><p>В этом исследовании рассматривается особая интерпретация первородного греха Эфиопской православной церковью Тевахедо, в частности, с акцентом на Хайманот Абев, глава 52:16-18. В отличие от западных христианских воззрений, которые рассматривают первородный грех как унаследованную от Адама вину, Эфиопская православная церковь Тевахедо подчеркивает личную моральную ответственность и культивирование добродетели. Согласно Хайманот Абев, грех — это не врожденный порок, передаваемый из поколения в поколение, а скорее результат пренебрежения разумом к добродетели. В этих рамках крещение понимается не как средство устранения первородного греха, а как таинство духовного возрождения, божественного усыновления и посвящения в общение со Святой Троицей. Взгляд Церкви на крещение младенцев отражает эту теологическую позицию: младенцев крестят не для того, чтобы очистить от унаследованной вины, а для того, чтобы принять их в Церковь и подготовить к будущему духовному росту.</p><p>Эта статья также опирается на библейские тексты, такие как Иезекиль 18:20, Римлянам 5:12-14 и Сирах 15:16, которые подчеркивают акцент Эфиопской православной церкви Тевахедо на свободе воли, нравственном свободомыслии и божественной справедливости. Христология и сотериология Церкви утверждают, что воплощение, смерть и воскресение Христа восстанавливают изначальный потенциал человечества к общению с Богом, делая упор на преображение благодатью, а не на унаследованную испорченность. Кроме того, в исследовании использованы святоотеческие источники, в том числе св. Иоанна Златоуста и эфиопских богословов, таких как Аба Гиоргис, чтобы контекстуализировать понимание Эфиопской православной церковью Тевахедо первородного и действительного греха. Исследуя историческое развитие этих доктрин, исследование подчеркивает уникальный богословский вклад Церкви в христианскую мысль о грехе, спасении и сакраментальном богословии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study investigates the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church’s distinctive interpretation of original sin, with particular reference to Haimanot Abew 52:16-18. Contrary to Western Christian doctrines, which often regard original sin as inherited guilt from Adam, the Ethiopian Orthodox tradition emphasises personal moral responsibility and the cultivation of virtue. According to Haimanot Abew, sin is not an inherited defect but arises from the neglect of virtue by the mind. Baptism, therefore, is understood not as the removal of original sin but as a sacrament of spiritual rebirth, divine adoption, and initiation into communion with the Holy Trinity. This theological stance is reflected in the Church’s practice of infant baptism, which welcomes infants into the Church community and prepares them for future spiritual development rather than cleansing inherited guilt.</p><p>The study draws on biblical texts such as Ezekiel 18:20, Romans 5:12-14, and Sirach 15:16, underscoring the Church’s emphasis on free will, moral agency, and divine justice. The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church’s Christology and soteriology affirm that Christ’s incarnation, death, and resurrection restore humanity’s original potential for communion with God, focusing on transformation through grace rather than inherited corruption. Patristic sources — including St John Chrysostom and Ethiopian theologians such as Abä Giyorgis — are also examined to contextualise the Church’s understanding of original and actual sin. By tracing the historical development of these doctrines, the study highlights the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church’s unique theological contribution to Christian thought on sin, salvation, and sacramental theology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>первородный грех</kwd><kwd>Эфиопская православная церковь Тевахедо</kwd><kwd>Хайманот Абев</kwd><kwd>Хамартиология</kwd><kwd>грехопадение человека</kwd><kwd>грех и искупление</kwd><kwd>Отцы Церкви</kwd><kwd>Христология</kwd><kwd>сотериология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Original sin</kwd><kwd>Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church</kwd><kwd>Haimanot Abew</kwd><kwd>hamartiology</kwd><kwd>Fall of Man</kwd><kwd>sin and redemption</kwd><kwd>Church Fathers</kwd><kwd>Christology</kwd><kwd>soteriology</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Athanasius of Alexandria (1996). 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