churchhistoryРоссийский журнал истории ЦерквиRussian Journal of Church History2686-973X2687-069XSilicea-Poligraf LLC10.15829/2686-973X-2020-2-26churchhistory-26Research ArticleИстория ЦерквиChurch historyПроблема “конкурирующих лояльностей” и трактовка сюжета о грехопадении в древнеанглийской поэме “Бытие”The situation of conflicting loyalties and the Old English Genesis’ version of the story of the Fallhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9031-2336МетлицкаяЗ. Ю.MetlitskayaZoya Yu.

Метлицкая Зоя Юрьевна, кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры Истории Церкви исторического факультета

Сфера научных интересов — история Англии, история английской церкви.

Zoya Yu. Metlitskaya, PhD in History, assistant professor of the Church History Department of the Faculty of History

Field of research: history of England, history of the Christianity in Great Britain. 

cerdic@yandex.ruМосковский государственный университет им. М.В.ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian Federation202007062020123544Copyright © Метлицкая З.Ю., 20202020Метлицкая З.Ю.Metlitskaya Z.Y.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://churchhistory.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/26

В статье предлагается прочтение оригинальной версии истории грехопадения, представленной в древнеанглийской поэме “Бытие”, в контексте религиозной и политической морали раннесредневекового общества. Методология исследования основана на принципах анализа социальных функций текста. Ключом к пониманию дидактического “послания”, заключенного в поэме, служит авторская трактовка “падения”. “Грехопадение” ангелов и людей представлено как ошибка в выборе, совершенная в силу излишней самоуверенности или неверного выбора авторитета. На материале источников показано, что проблема выбора в ситуации “конкурирующих лояльностей” в полной мере присутствовала и в реальной жизни людей того времени. При этом главную роль при оценке действий человека в подобной ситуации играли последствия его действий, а не мотивы, которыми он руководствовался, принимая решение.

The paper addresses the idiosyncratic version of the story of the Fall presented in the Old English poem Genesis from the perspective of religious and political moral of Early Medieval Society. The methodology of the research bases on the analysis of the social functions of texts. To understand the didactic message of the poem the poet’s conception of “fall” should be looked attentively. “The Fall” of angels and men is presented in the text as the failure of choice, due to overconfidence or the appellation to the wrong authority. As could be seen from historical sources the problem of choice in the situation of conflicting loyalties was essential for Anglo-Saxon society. Person’s behavior in this situation was judged according to the results of his or her actions, not according to his or her initial reasons.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.