Formation and development of Orthodox rehabilitation pedagogy in relation to social orphans in Russia

Historically, the Joseph Volokolamsk Monastery in all periods of its existence played a significant role not only in the spiritual, political, ideological, and economic life of Russia, but was also an important educational center. The monastery  continues  development  of  these  traditions,  founded  by  venerable  Joseph  Volotsky,  to  this  day.  The article examines a new phenomenon for Russia, social orphanhood, as a problem of modern society. Legislative acts defining the status of a social orphan and his relationship with society are given. Based on archival documents, a retrospective of the activities of the Joseph Volokolamsk Monastery in working with youth and helping orphans and the suffering is given. The historical aspects of Orthodox rehabilitation pedagogy in relation to orphans are indicated. Statistics of these activities and a historical retrospective of the relationship between the church and the state in the pre-revolutionary years and the years of Soviet power are given. The works of a number of Orthodox authors — teachers, ascetics, philosophers and educators, providing the basis for the development of Orthodox rehabilitation pedagogy — are examined in retrospective. The patristic foundations of the spiritual and moral education of modern teenagers — social orphans in Russia are indicated. The historical foundations and principles of modern educational, spiritual and moral rehabilitation mission of the brethren of the monastery in collaboration with the teams of social rehabilitation centers for minors are given. Individual programs for spiritual and moral rehabilitation of social orphans are offered.

1. Dobrotolyubie (2003). In Russian translation [in 5 volumes]. Moscow: Pilgrim, Vol. 1., 567 p.: the Venerable Anthony the Great, Abba Isaiah, Evagrius the Monk, Isaac the Syrian, Mark the Ascetic; Vol. 2., 810 p.: the Venerable Abba Dorotheus, Ephraim the Syrian, John Cassian, Hesychius, Nile of Sinai. (In Russ.)

2. Blum, A. (Metropolitan of Surozh) (2011). School ofPrayer. Moscow: Christian Life, 496 p. (In Russ.)

3. Buzykina, I. N., Buzykina, Yu. N., Perst, M., Golovkova, A. D., Metlitskaya, Z. Yu. Incunable from the Book collection of Metropolitan Pitirim (Nechayev) (Monastery of St Joseph of Volokolamsk). The first attempt of attribution. Russian Journal of Church History. 2020;1(2):97-115. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/2686-973X-2020-2-24.

4. Velimirovich, N., St. Serbian (2011). Missionary letters, (translated from Serbian S. A. Luganskaya). Moscow: PSTSU, 452 p. (In Russ.)

5. Gundyaev, V. M. (Patriarch Kirill) (2012). The Word ofthe Primate. Vol. 1. M.: Publishing House of the Moscow Patriarchate of the Russian Orthodox Church, 608 p. (In Russ.)

6. Danilyuk, A. Ya., Kondakov A. M., Tishkov V. A. (2014). The concept of spiritual and moral development and education of the personalityof a citizen ofRussia. M.: Enlightenment, 24 p. (In Russ.)

7. Zarin, S. M. (1996). Asceticism according to Orthodox Christian teaching. Ethical and theological research of Sergey Zarin. M.: Pilgrim, 695 p. (In Russ.)

8. Ilyin, I. A. (2012). The Book ofHopes and consolations. Moscow: Alta Print, 384 p. (In Russ.)

9. Joseph Volotsky, Rev. (2006). Enlightener. M.: IVM "Enlightener", 402 p. (In Russ.)

10. Kapalin, Clement Metropolitan Borovsky (2012). The word and faith.The book of Reflections of Metropolitan Kliment, Chairman of the Publishing Council ofthe Russian Orthodox Church. Ed. of the Belarusian Exarchate, 496 p. (In Russ.)

11. archm. Alipiy (Castalsky-Borozdin), archm. Isaiah (Belov) (2005). Dogmatic Theology (Course of lectures). Sergiev Posad: STSL, 288 p. (In Russ.)

12. Kern, K. Archimandrite (1996). Anthropology of St. Gregory Palamas, Moscow: Pilgrim, 454 p.

13. John Climacus, Rev. (2013). The LadderofDivine Ascent. M.: Siberian Blagozvonnitsa, 576 p. (In Russ.)

14. Makarii (Bulgakov), Metropolitan of Moscow and Kolomna (1996). The History of the Russian Church. Book 4, part 1. Ed. Spaso- Preobrazhensky Valaam Monastery, 590 p. (In Russ.)

15. Nechaev, Metropolitan Pitirim (2023). Disappearing Rus’. Ed. Orthodox St. Tikhon’s Humanitarian University. Moscow, 672 p. (In Russ.)

16. Pozdeeva, I.V. (2020). Millennium of perception of the Holy Scripture in Russia. Russian Journal of Church History, 1(3):83-109. (In Russ.) doi:10.15829/2686-973X-2020-3-41.

17. Romashina S. Ya., Semyannikov S. N., Andronova R. E., Mezhina A. V. Dialogue of cultures in personality-developing foreign language education. Dialogue of cultures. Culture of Dialogue: in Search of Advanced Socio-humanitarian Practices: Proceedings of the First International Conference, Moscow, April 14-16, 2016. Under the general editorship of E. G. Tareva, L. G. Vikulova. M.: Limited Liability Company "Languages of the Peoples of the World", 2016, 471-475. EDN XQNBWJ. (In Russ.)

18. St. JohnChrysostom Talks on Psalms (2011). Moscow: Orthodox Charitable Brotherhood in the name of the All-Merciful Savior, 640 p. (In Russ.)

19. St. Theophan the Recluse of Vyshensky (2003). The way tosalvation. Letters about the Christian life. The teachings. M.: "Lepta- Press", 800 p. (In Russ.)

20. Semyannikov S. N., Gerasimova, S. A. (2020). Student youth in the light of the challenges of modern society: aspects of spiritual and moral maturity. Christian Reading, (1), 43-51. (In Russ.)

21. Semyannikov, S. N. (Hierodeacon Moses). (2017). Symphony of missionary and pedagogical activity with teenagers of social rehabilitation centers. Kant, (4), 106-109. (In Russ.)

22. Semyannikov, S. N. (Hierodeacon Moses) (2017). Social surfing as an indicator of the deformation of moral values in the upbringing of adolescents. Discussion, (8), 84-90. (In Russ.)

23. Semyannikov, S. N. (2021). Pedagogy of transfiguration: spiritual and moral education of adolescents based on the patristic tradition. Kant, (3), 289-295. (In Russ.)

24. Sergiev, I. I. (St. John of Kronstadt) (2005). My life in Christ or moments of spiritualsobrietyand contemplation, reverentfeelings, spiritual correction and peace in God. Moscow: Lokid, 576 p. (In Russ.)

25. Shekhovtsova, L. F., Zenko, Yu. M. (2012). Elements of Orthodox psychology. Moscow: Publishing House of the Moscow metochion STSL, 252 p. (In Russ.)

26. Borovskaya E. R., Kozlova, A. G., Semjannikov S. N. (2020). The Potential of the Word for Adolescents’ Spiritual and Moral Development. VI International Forum on Teacher Education. ARPHA Proceedings, (3), 247-258.

27. Vikulova L. G., Mezhina A. V., Semjannikov S. N. (Hierodeacon Moses) (2019). Teachers’ Moral Development in Master’s Degree Programs on Personality Development through Education. ARPHA Proceedings. Proceedings IFTE. V International Forum on Teacher Education.Part III. Educational Psychology, P. 757-763.